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Aggressive Assimilation
Facing the resilience of indigenous traditional education in Canada, Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald, who was also Minister of Indian Affairs, commissioned Nicholas Flood Davin, a journalist, lawyer, and politician, to go to Washington, DC, in 1879 to study how the United States tackled the same issue.
Prime Minister Harper's Apology
As part of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement, a Truth and Reconciliation Commission was established. Before its work got under way, Prime Minister Stephen Harper issued a public apology on June 11, 2008, on behalf of the Canadian government. The apology is part of the process arranged by the government and the First Nations as parties to the agreement, part of an overall attempt to address the government’s role in the history of the Indian Residential Schools.
The Lone Ranger
This image portrays the fictional Native American character, Tonto, in the 1930s radio show and 1970s television adaption, "The Lone Ranger."
Historical Background: The Indian Act and the Indian Residential Schools
Go deeper into the history of the Indian Act and the founding of the Residential Schools system.
Introduction: Stolen Lives
Read a foreword by Theodore Fontaine and other introductory material that will help you begin exploring this book.
Cross Lake Indian Residential School
Although government funded, the residential schools were operated by churches, with clergymen and women serving most teaching and administrative roles. This photo was taken at Cross Lake Indian Residential School in Manitoba, 1940.
Fort Qu’Appelle Indian Industrial School
Tipis stand just outside the fence of Fort Qu’Appelle Indian Industrial School in 1895 in Lebret, Saskatchewan. The tipis likely belong to the First Nation families of children attending the school.
Fort Resolution Indian Residential School
In the crowded and understaffed residential schools, the physical and domestic chores performed by students were critical to keeping the schools afloat. In this photo children are seen cutting logs at Fort Resolution Indian Residential School.
Fur Trade
Europeans and Indigenous Peoples of Canada interacted through the fur trade for almost 300 years. This photo is from the 1950s, when the extensiveness of the trade network had much declined from its peak in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
Indigenous Canadian Woman on a Reserve
A portrait of an indigenous Canadian woman on a reserve, 1930.